Drug Definitions Under Connecticut General Statutes

Conn. Gen. Stat. § 21a-240 Drug Definitions.
The following words and phrases, as used in this chapter, shall have the following meanings, unless the context otherwise requires:

Abuse of Drugs

This means the use of controlled substances solely for their stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogenic effect upon the higher functions of the central nervous system. It does not not include a therapeutic agent prescribed in the course of medical treatment. Nor does it include a therapeutic agent prescribed in a program of research operated under the direction of a physician or pharmacologist.

Administer

This means the direct application of a controlled substance. This can occur by injection, inhalation, ingestion, or any other means, to the body of a patient or research subject by the following. (A) A practitioner, or, in their presence, by their authorized agent. Or (B) the patient or research subject at the direction and in the presence of the practitioner. Or (C) a nurse or intern under the direction and supervision of a practitioner.

Agent

The means an authorized person who acts on behalf of or at the direction of a manufacturer, distributor or dispenser. Also, it does not include a common or contract carrier, public warehouseman, or employee of the carrier or warehouseman.

Amphetamine-Type Substances

This includes amphetamine, optical isomers thereof, salts of amphetamine, and its isomers. Also, it includes chemical compounds similar thereto in chemical structure or similar thereto in physiological effect, and which show a like potential for abuse, which meet the definition of controlled substances under this chapter unless modified.

Barbiturate-Type Drugs

This includes barbituric acid and its salts. In addition, it includes derivatives thereof and chemical compounds similar thereto in chemical structure or similar thereto in physiological effect, and which show a like potential for abuse. Also, these drugs must fulfill the definition of controlled substances under this chapter unless modified.

Bureau

This means the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs, United States Department of Justice, or its successor agency.

Cannabis-Type Substances

This includes all parts of any plant, or species of the genus cannabis. Also, it includes any infra specific taxon thereof whether growing or not; the seeds thereof; the resin extracted from any part of such a plant; and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture or preparation of such plant, its seeds or resin; but shall not include the mature stalks of such plant, fiber produced from such stalks, oil or cake made from the seeds of such plant, any other compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture or preparation of such mature stalks, except the resin extracted therefrom, fiber, oil or cake, or the sterilized seed of such plant which is incapable of germination.
Also included are cannabinon, cannabinol, cannabidiol, and chemical compounds which are similar to cannabinon, cannabinol or cannabidiol in chemical structure or which are similar thereto in physiological effect, and which show a like potential for abuse, which are controlled substances under this chapter unless modified.

Controlled Drugs

These are drugs which contain any quantity of a substance which has been designated as subject to the federal Controlled Substances Act, or which has been designated as a depressant or stimulant drug pursuant to federal food and drug laws, or which has been designated by the Commissioner of Consumer Protection pursuant to section 21a-243, as having a stimulant, depressant or hallucinogenic effect upon the higher functions of the central nervous system and as having a tendency to promote abuse or psychological or physiological dependence, or both. In addition, such controlled drugs are classifiable as amphetamine-type, barbiturate-type, cannabis-type, cocaine-type, hallucinogenic, morphine-type, and other stimulant and depressant drugs. Specifically excluded from controlled drugs and controlled substances are alcohol, nicotine and caffeine.

Controlled Substance

This means a drug, substance, or immediate precursor in Schedules I to V, inclusive, of the Connecticut controlled substance scheduling regulations adopted pursuant to section 21a-243.

Counterfeit Substance

This means a controlled substance which, or the container or labeling of which, without authorization, bears the trademark, trade name or other identifying mark, imprint, number or device, or any likeness thereof, of a manufacturer, distributor or dispenser other than the person who in fact manufactured, distributed or dispensed the substance.

Deliver or Delivery

This means the actual, constructive or attempted transfer from one person to another of a controlled substance. Also, this is the case whether or not there is an agency relationship.

Dentist

This means a person authorized by law to practice dentistry in this state.

Dispense

This means to deliver a controlled substance to an ultimate user or research subject. In addition, this happens by or pursuant to the lawful order of a practitioner. Also, this includes the prescribing, administering, packaging, labeling or compounding necessary to prepare the substance for the delivery.

Dispenser

This means a practitioner who dispenses.

Distribute

This means to deliver other than by administering or dispensing a controlled substance.

Distributor

This means a person who distributes and includes a wholesaler who is a person supplying or distributing controlled drugs which they have not produced or prepared to hospitals, clinics, practitioners, pharmacies. Also included in this list: other wholesalers, manufacturers and federal, state and municipal agencies.

Drug

This means (A) substances recognized as drugs in the official United States Pharmacopoeia, official Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia of the United States, or official National Formulary, or any supplement to any of them. Or (B) substances intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment or prevention of disease in man or animals. Or (C) substances, other than food, intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of man or animals. And (D) substances intended for use as a component of any article specified in subparagraph (A), (B) or (C) of this subdivision. In addition, it does not include devices or their components, parts or accessories.

Drug Dependence

This means a psychoactive substance dependence on drugs as that condition has a definition in the most recent edition of the “Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders” of the American Psychiatric Association.

Drug-Dependent Person

This means a person who has a psychoactive substance dependence on drugs. Also, that condition has a definition in the most recent edition of the “Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders” of the American Psychiatric Association.

Drug Paraphernalia

Paraphernalia refers to equipment, products and materials of any kind which are used, intended for use or designed for use in planting, propagating, cultivating, growing, harvesting, manufacturing, compounding, converting, producing, processing, preparing, testing, analyzing, packaging, repackaging, storing, containing or concealing, or ingesting, inhaling, or otherwise introducing into the human body, any controlled substance contrary to the provisions of this chapter including, but not limited to.

Section One

Kits intended for use or designed for use in planting, propagating, cultivating, growing, or harvesting of any species of plant which is a controlled substance or from which a controlled substance can be derived.

Section Two

Also, this includes kits used, intended for use or designed for use in manufacturing, compounding, converting, producing, processing, or preparing controlled substances.

Section Three

In addition, this includes isomerization devices used, intended for use in increasing the potency of any species of plant which is a controlled substance.

Section Four

In addition, this includes testing equipment used, intended for use or designed for use in identifying or analyzing the strength, effectiveness or purity of controlled substances.

Section Five

Also, this includes dilutents and adulterants, such as quinine hydrochloride, mannitol, mannite, dextrose, and lactose used, intended for use or designed for use in cutting controlled substances.

Section Six

In addition, this includes separation gins and sifters used, intended for use or designed for use in removing twigs and seeds from, or in otherwise cleaning or refining, marijuana.

Section Seven

Also, this includes capsules and other containers used, intended for use or designed for use in packaging small quantities of controlled substances.

Section Eight

In addition, containers and other objects used, intended for use or designed for use in storing or concealing controlled substances.

Section Nine

Finally, also included: objects used, intended for use or designed for use in ingesting, inhaling, or otherwise introducing marijuana, cocaine, hashish, or hashish oil into the human body, such as: Metal, wooden, acrylic, glass, stone, plastic or ceramic pipes with screens, permanent screens, hashish heads or punctured metal bowls; water pipes; carburetion tubes and devices; smoking and carburetion masks; roach clips: Also, this means objects used to hold burning material, such as a marijuana cigarette, that has become too small or too short to be held in the hand; miniature cocaine spoons, and cocaine vials; chamber pipes; carburetor pipes; electric pipes; air-driven pipes; chillums; bongs or ice pipes or chillers.

Factory

This means any place used for the manufacturing, mixing, compounding, refining, processing, packaging, distributing, storing, keeping, holding, administering, or assembling illegal substances contrary to the provisions of this chapter, or any building, rooms or location which contains equipment or paraphernalia used for this purpose.

Federal Controlled Substances Act, 21 USC 801 et seq.” [FN1]

This means Public Law 91-513, the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970.

Federal Food and Drug Laws

This means the federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended, Title 21 USC 301 et seq.; [FN2]

Hallucinogenic Substances

Hallucinogens are psychodysleptic substances which assert a confusional or disorganizing effect upon mental processes or behavior and mimic acute psychotic disturbances. Also, exemplary of such drugs are mescaline, peyote, psilocyn and d-lysergic acid diethylamide, which are controlled substances under this chapter unless modified.

Hospital

As used in sections 21a-243 to 21a-283, inclusive, this means an institution for the care and treatment of the sick and injured, approved by the Department of Public Health or the Department of Mental Health and addiction services as proper to be entrusted with the custody of controlled drugs and substances and professional use of controlled drugs. Also, it refers to substances under the direction of a licensed practitioner.

Intern

This means a person who holds a degree of doctor of medicine or doctor of dental surgery or medicine and whose period of service has been recorded with the Department of Public Health. Also, it refers to a person who has been accepted and participates in training by a hospital or institution in this state. In addition, doctors meeting the foregoing requirements and commonly designated as residents and fellows shall be regarded as interns for purposes of this chapter.

Immediate Precursor

This means a substance which the Commissioner of Consumer Protection has found to be, and by regulation designates as being, the principal compound commonly used or produced primarily for use, and which is an immediate chemical intermediary used or likely to be used, in the manufacture of a controlled substance, the control of which is necessary to prevent, curtail or limit manufacture.

Laboratory

This means a laboratory approved by the Department of Consumer Protection as proper to be entrusted with the custody of controlled substances. In addition, it refers to the use of controlled substances for scientific and medical purposes and for purposes of instruction, research or analysis.

Manufacture

This means the production, preparation, cultivation, growing, propagation, compounding, conversion, or processing of a controlled substance, either directly or indirectly by extraction from substances of natural origin, or independently by means of chemical synthesis, or by a combination of extraction and chemical synthesis, and includes any packaging or repackaging of the substance or labeling or relabeling of its container, except that this term does not include the preparation or compounding of a controlled substance by an individual for their own use or the preparation, compounding, packaging or labeling of a controlled substance: (A) By a practitioner as an incident to their administering or dispensing of a controlled substance in the course of their professional practice. Or (B) by a practitioner, or by their authorized agent under their supervision, for the purpose of, or as an incident to, research, teaching or chemical analysis and not for sale.

Marijuana

This means all parts of any plant, or species of the genus cannabis or any infra specific taxon thereof, whether growing or not; the seeds thereof; the resin extracted from any part of the plant; and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant, its seeds or resin. It does not include the mature stalks of such plant, fiber produced from such stalks, oil or cake made from the seeds of such plant, any other compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture or preparation of such mature stalks, except the resin extracted therefrom, fiber, oil, or cake, or the sterilized seed of such plant which is incapable of germination.
Included are cannabinon, cannabinol, or cannabidiol and chemical compounds which are similar to cannabinon, cannabinol or cannabidiol in chemical structure or which are similar thereto in physiological effect, and which show a like potential for abuse, which are controlled substances under this chapter unless modified.

Narcotic Substance

This means any of the following, whether produced directly or indirectly by extraction from substances of vegetable origin, or independently by means of chemical synthesis, or by a combination of extraction and chemical synthesis.
(A) Morphine-type: (i) Opium and opiate, and any salt, compound, derivative, or preparation of opium or opiate which are similar thereto in chemical structure or which are similar thereto in physiological effect and which show a like potential for abuse, which are controlled substances under this chapter unless modified; (ii) any salt, compound, isomer, derivative, or preparation thereof which is chemically equivalent or identical with any of the substances referred to in clause (i), but not including the isoquinoline alkaloids of opium; (iii) opium poppy and poppy straw.
(B) Cocaine-type, coca leaves and any salt, compound, derivative or preparation of coca leaves, and any salt, compound, isomer, derivatives or preparation thereof which is chemically equivalent or identical with any of these substances or which are similar thereto in physiological effect and which show a like potential for abuse, but not including decocainized coca leaves or extractions of coca leaves which do not contain cocaine or ecgonine.

Nurse

This means a person performing nursing as defined in section 20-87a.

Official Written Order

This means an order for controlled substances written on a form. In addition, this order must be provided by the bureau for that purpose under the federal Controlled Substances Act.

Opiate

This means any substance having an addiction-forming or addiction-sustaining liability similar to morphine or being capable of conversion into a drug having addiction-forming or addiction-sustaining liability; it does not include, unless specifically designated as controlled under this chapter, the dextrorotatory isomer of 3-methoxy-n-methylmorthinan and its salts (dextro-methorphan) but shall include its racemic and levorotatory forms.

Opium Poppy

This means the plant of the species papaver somniferum l., except its seed.
Repealed. (1999, P.A. 99-102, § 51.)

Other Stimulant and Depressant Drugs

This means controlled substances other than amphetamine-type, barbiturate-type, cannabis-type, cocaine-type, hallucinogenics and morphine-type which are found to exert a stimulant and depressant effect upon the higher functions of the central nervous system and have a potential for abuse and fulfill the definition of controlled substances under this chapter.

Person

This includes any corporation, limited liability company, association or partnership, or one or more individuals, government or governmental subdivisions or agency, business trust, estate, trust, or any other legal entity. Words importing the plural number may include the singular; words importing the masculine gender may be applied to females.

Pharmacist

This means a person authorized by law to practice pharmacy pursuant to section 20-590, 20-591, 20-592 or 20-593.

Pharmacy

This means an establishment licensed pursuant to section 20-594.

Physician

This means a person authorized by law to practice medicine in this state pursuant to section 20-9.

Podiatrist

This means a person authorized by law to practice podiatry in this state.

Poppy Straw

This means all parts, except the seeds, of the opium poppy, after mowing.

Practitioner

This means: (A) A physician, dentist, veterinarian, podiatrist, scientific investigator or other person licensed, registered or otherwise permitted to distribute, dispense, conduct research with respect to or to administer a controlled substance in the course of professional practice or research in this state; (B) a pharmacy, hospital or other institution licensed, registered or otherwise permitted to distribute, dispense, conduct research with respect to or to administer a controlled substance in the course of professional practice or research in this state.

Prescribe

This means order or designate a remedy or any preparation containing controlled substances.

Prescription

This means a written, oral or electronic order for any controlled substance. In addition, it refers to preparation from a licensed practitioner to a pharmacist for a patient.

Production

This includes the manufacture, planting, cultivation, growing, or harvesting of a controlled substance.

Registrant

This means any person licensed by this state. Also, it refers to someone assigned a current federal Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drug Registry Number as provided under the federal Controlled Substances Act.

Registry Number

This means the alphabetical or numerical designation of identification assigned to a person by the federal Drug Enforcement Administration, or other federal agency, which is commonly known as the federal registry number.

Restricted Drugs or Substances

These are the following substances without limitation and for all purposes: Datura stramonium; hyoscyamus niger; atropa belladonna, or the alkaloids atropine; hyoscyamine; belladonnine; apatropine; or any mixture of these alkaloids such as daturine, or the synthetic homatropine or any salts of these alkaloids, except that any drug or preparation containing any of the above-mentioned substances which is permitted by federal food and drug laws to be sold or dispensed without a prescription or written order shall not be a controlled substance; amyl nitrite.
This also includes the following volatile substances to the extent that said chemical substances or compounds containing said chemical substances are sold, prescribed, dispensed, compounded, possessed or controlled or delivered or administered to another person with the purpose that said chemical substances shall be breathed, inhaled, sniffed or drunk to induce a stimulant, depressant or hallucinogenic effect upon the higher functions of the central nervous system: Acetone; benzene; butyl alcohol; butyl nitrate and its salts, isomers, esters, ethers or their salts; cyclohexanone; dichlorodifluoromethane; ether; ethyl acetate; formaldehyde; hexane; isopropanol; methanol; methyl cellosolve acetate; methyl isobutyl ketone; nitrous oxide; methyl ethyl ketone; pentochlorophenol; toluene; toluol; trichloroethane; trichloroethylene; 1,4 butanediol.

Sale

This is any form of delivery which includes barter, exchange or gift, or offer therefor, and each such transaction made by any person whether as principal, proprietor, agent, servant or employee.

State

When applied to a part of the United States, this includes any state, district, commonwealth, territory or insular possession thereof, and any area subject to the legal authority of the United States of America.

State Food, Drug and Cosmetic Laws

This means the Uniform Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, section 21a-91 et seq..

Ultimate User

This means a person who lawfully possesses a controlled substance for their own use. Also, it refers to possession for the use of a member of their household or for administering to an animal owned by them or by a member of their household.

Veterinarian

This means a person authorized by law to practice veterinary medicine in this state.

Wholesaler

This means a distributor or a person who supplies controlled substances that they not produced or prepared to registrants as defined in subsection (47) of this section.

Reasonable Times

This means the time or times any office, care-giving institution, pharmacy, clinic, wholesaler, manufacturer, laboratory, warehouse, establishment, store or place of business, vehicle or other place is open for the normal affairs or business or the practice activities usually conducted by the registrant.

Unit Dose Drug Distribution System

This means a drug distribution system used in a hospital or chronic and convalescent nursing home in which drugs are supplied in individually labeled unit of use packages, each patient’s supply of drugs is exchanged between the hospital pharmacy and the drug administration area or, in the case of a chronic and convalescent nursing home between a pharmacy and the drug administration area, at least once each twenty-four hours and each patient’s medication supply for this period is stored within a patient-specific container, all of which is conducted under the direction of a pharmacist licensed in Connecticut and, in the case of a hospital, directly involved in the provision and supervision of pharmaceutical services at such hospital at least thirty-five hours each week.

Cocaine in a Free-Base Form

This means any substance which contains cocaine, or any compound, isomer, derivative or preparation thereof, in a nonsalt form.